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Concentration Ratio Calculation in RO Systems

Calculates the concentration ratio (CR) and concentration factor (CF) for a reverse‑osmosis system based on feed flow, recovery, and feed/concentrate solute concentrations.

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1. Define Input Parameters

2. Engineering Output

Concentration Ratio (CR)
- dimensionless
Concentration Factor (CF)
- dimensionless

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Context & Assumptions

The concentration ratio quantifies how much solute is enriched in the concentrate stream of an RO stage assuming ideal rejection. It is used for sizing downstream treatment, estimating osmotic pressure rise, and setting safe recovery limits in brackish‑water applications.

Understand the Engineering Principles

Review the step-by-step derivations, typical industrial limits, and scale-up rules.

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